Lesson 4F, Part 1 - Mumps Cases

[Sheri Nakken]

Lesson 4F, Part 1 - Mumps Cases

PS This [..] means text omitted in this area.

Clarke, J.H. "The Prescriber"
Mumps
As prophylactic Parotidinum 30, 8h.
(This may also be given as a remedy
every two or three hours, when the disease is declared, either alone or in
alternation with the other remediesnamed.)

1908 Benson, A.R. Homeopathic Nursery Manual
REUEL A. BENSON, M. D. 8 West 19th St., New York. April, 1908.

Mumps (epidemic parotitis)
Mumps is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the parotid
glands. These glands secrete saliva and are located on either side of the
neck under the jaw. The germ causing this disease has not yet been
discovered.

At the beginning there is usually slight chilliness, headache and slight
rise of temperature (99° - 100°), with stiffness, and soreness of the neck
on one or both sides. There is also tenderness, and pain in this region
when sour things are tasted. The neck becomes swollen; it is smooth and
hard, and tender to the touch. The swelling extends backwards so that the
ear occupies about the center of the enlarged part. Both sides may be
affected at the same time, or the disease may come on one side and later
extend to the other. Its duration is from four to ten days.

Nursing : The disease is not a serious one if uncomplicated, but great care
should be taken to prevent the child from taking cold, or undue exercise.
During the acute stage, the child should be kept in bed and dry heat
applied freely to the neck.

As it is difficult for the child to swallow, it is best to take only a
liquid diet, and avoid especially articles which are sour or sweet.

Hot olive may be rubbed gently on the neck, night and morning, if this
rubbing does not cause discomfort. Such rubbing will hasten convalescence
when the acute stage is over.

Infection in mumps is probably carried by the saliva, and great care should
be taken to avoid kissing the child or coming in contact with the saliva.
The patient should be isolated the same as in other contagious diseases.

The only serious complication is orchitis (inflammation of the testicle),
which sometimes occurs in males, or mastitis (inflammation of the breasts)
in females. It is best avoided by care as to taking cold, and by complete
rest for the patient until the parotid glands become normal.

Aconite should be given, a teaspoonful every hour, for the general symptoms
which arise when the glands become inflamed.

Belladonna is indicated in the later stages where the swelling is hard and
tender to the touch.

******
http://homeoint.org/clarke/p/parot.htm
A DICTIONARY OF PRACTICAL MATERIA MEDICA
By John Henry CLARKE, M.D. Presented by Médi-T ®

Parotidinum.

The nosode of Mumps.

Clinical.-Glandular affections. Meningitis. Mumps. Orchitis. Salivation.

Characteristics.-Parotidinum has been used as a prophylactic against
infection by mumps. In this instance it is generally given in the 6th or
30th two or three times a day to those exposed to infection. In the disease
itself it may be given every four hours, either by itself or alternated
with other indicated remedies. The well-known complications which sometimes
occur with mumps, cerebral inflammation and orchitis suggest its possible
use in these conditions.

********
1907 Century Book of Health

More common males than females [interesting.......autism in boys more than
girls......maybe something in MMR especially mumps portion, needs to be
also looked at......Sheri]. Most common 5 yrs to puberty. "In mild cases
the termination is always favorable; but with complications, the disease is
more severe". Treatment - liquid diet; no sour foods; tincture of aconite;
hot packs; liniment to neck and throat. No discussion of complications.

*******
Dorothy Shepherd, Homeopath in UK in 1st half of 20th century (1871-1952)
"Homeopathy in Infectious Diseases"
Can order book from my webpage
http://www.nccn.net/~wwithin/bookstor.htm#homeopathy

excerpts......."benign highly contagious feverish disease" [..] Mumps
produces more errors of diagnosis than almost any other epidemic disease.
Lay people, teachres, nurses, and parents find it difficult to distinguish
between mumps and swellings of the glands of the neck, but even general
practitioners frequently err in this respect by wrongly diagnosing swollen
cervical glands associated with inflamed tonsils, as mumps, and most
serious mistakes can be made by diagnosing the bullneck of toxic diphtheria
as mumps, It should be remembered that swollen glands are always movable
and extend respectively either above or below the border of the lower jaw,
while a swollen parotid anatomically lies in front, below and behind the
lobe of the ear, surrounded by a fixing capsule, so that a swollen parotid
is hard, tense, immovable and circumscribed.

"Mumps is often complicated by orchitis in 25-40 percent of the cases while
ovarian infection and mastitits is ony found in 5-8%. Enchephalitis,
involvement of the cerebral spinal nervous system, is occasionally found.

"A boy arrived shortly afterwards at the children's clinic, sent there by
the sister of the surgical dispensary, with a provisional diagnosis of
mumps. He had a temp of 102.8, bi-lateral swellings of the parotid gland,
which was tender to touch, and with pain on opening the mouth. Pilocarpine
6, night and morning was prescribed, and the mother was told to bring him
back to the dispensary in 3 days. When she turned up she remarked that the
boy had mumps. Without thinking, I retorted sharply "who said so? There
is no swelling at all". I was somewhat taken aback when she triumphantly
answered "You did yourself on Monday afternoon." Then I remembered the
little boy and to my surprise I had to admit that all signs of mumps, pain,
temperature and swelling had disappeared completely in 3 days - a thing I
had never known to happen before. After that, Pilocarpine 6 became the
routine treatment in mumps [..]

"Parotidinum 30, the nosode of mumps, helps in those cases where ill health
can be traced back to a severe attack of mumps."

*********
1942 "International Modern Home Physician"
In an medical book I have - "International Modern Home Physician" from
1942........
"mumps mainly attacks children, boys more often than girls
[interesting.......autism in boys more than girls......maybe something in
MMR especially mumps portion, needs to be also looked at......Sheri].
Treatment hot or cold applications, bed rest 8 days, cleanse mouth.
Copmlications discussed - inflammation of the testicle; inflammation of
pancreas; diabetes; ear, eye & brain complications but rare; nephritis is
not uncommon, especially in adults.

"Injection of blood serum, taken from a convalescent from mumps, has been
used successfully as a prophylactic measure" [this is like the immune
globulin talked about with measles..........but it is said not to work in
present times........Sheri]
******
1954 "Essentials of Pediatrics" - Jeans, Wright & Blake

"Complications - Although complications occur frequently in some epidemics
among adults, they are UNCOMMON in children. The most common complication
among males apst puberty is orchitis (inflammation of testicle). This
occurs usually 1 - 2 weeks after the onset of mjmps, and the local and the
general symptoms are severe [..] A similar inflammation may occur in the
ovaries, uterus, breasts and external genitalia of female. Certain other
complications are observed rarely; these include mumps meningitis or
encephalitis and pancreatitits. None of these is fatal, and usually the
recovery from encephalitis is complete. Deafness also RARELY occurs as a
complication, but when it does it is usually unilateral and permanent".

Diagnosis - "A common error in diagnosis is confusion of cervical
lymphadenitis with mumps."
********
1973 - Merck Manual (the maker of the Measles vaccine)
"About 35-40% of cases are clinically inapparent. Communicability is less
than in measles and chickenpox"

"Complications - "The disease may involve organs other than the salivary
glands, more commonly in patients past puberty. It has become apparent
through the use of specific serologic methods of diagnosis, that these
other organs may be involved without primary disease in the salivary glands".
Orchitis - 25-30% of postpubertal male patients. " Sterility is rare and
results only if the postorchitic atrophy is bilateral; it is not
accompanied by loss of hormonal function. In the female, involvement of
the gonads is less common and far less painful".
Meningoencephalitis - "pleocytosis in the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) is
common in mumps, emphasizing the reasons for one of the major symptoms of
mumps - headaches. The more severe meningitic symptos occur in about 15%,
with drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, or even coma. [..] In most cases, the
prognosis is favorable and considerably better than measles encephalitis".
Pancreatitis [..] "Such symptoms disappear in about 1 week and the patient
recovers completely."
Miscellaneous "Oophoritis (inflammation of ovary), prostatitits, nephritis,
mastititis and involvement of the lacrimal glands are seen occasionally."
********
1986 - Clinical Nursing (Mosby's)
Complications - Mumps may also affect testes, pancreas, other salivary
glands, ovaries, breast & thyroid [no mention of thyroid before this in
1986......Sheri]. Meningoencephalitis is a common complications;
pericarditis & permanet deafness are les common complications. Testicular
atrophy follows mumps orchities, but sterility is rare. The intensity of
symptoms in mumps is extremely variable, with at least 30% of infections
asymptomatic. "

Treatment includes steroids of orchitis; analgesis for pain; hot or cold
appicatons; fluid diet; support of scrotum if orchitis; respiratory
isolation and symptomatic treatment for other symptoms.
*****
Online, today - 2005
http://www.cdc.gov/nip/publications/pink/mumps.pdf

When you read information, they always use the term 'estimates'

And 'so-to-speak 3rd world countries' have a lot of other illneses - these
children are dealing with malnutrition, parasites, toxins, etc and rarely
is there a confirmation of diagnosis.

And just know the purpose of the CDC is to sell vaccine (these days)

So read with those things in mind.
Sheri

PATHOGENESIS
The virus is acquired by respiratory droplets. The virus replicates in the
nasopharynx and regional lymph nodes. After 12-25 days a
viremia occurs which lasts from 3 to 5 days. During the viremia, the virus
spreads to multiple tissues, including the meninges, and glands such as the
salivary, pancreas, testes, and ovaries. Inflammation in infected tissues
leads to characteristic symptoms of parotitis and aseptic meningitis.
[..]
Up to 20% of mumps infections are asymptomatic. An additional 40%-50% may
have only nonspecific or primarily respiratory symptoms.

COMPLICATIONS
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in the form of aseptic meningitis
is common, occurring asymptomatically (inflammatory
cells in cerebrospinal fluid) in 50%-60% of patients.

Symptomatic meningitis (headache, stiff neck) occurs in up to 15% of
patients and resolves without sequelae in 3-10 days. Adults are at higher
risk for this complication than children, and boys are more commonly
affected than girls (3:1 ratio). Parotitis may be absent in up to 50% of
such patients. Encephalitis is rare (less than 2 per 100,000).

Orchitis (testicular inflammation) is the most common complication in
postpubertal males. It occurs in up to 50% of postpubertal
males, usually after parotitis, but may precede it, begin simultaneously,
or occur alone. It is bilateral in up to 30% of affected males.

There is usually abrupt onset of testicular swelling, tenderness, nausea,
vomiting, and fever. Pain and swelling may subside in 1 week,
but tenderness may last for weeks. Approximately 50% of patients with
orchitis have some degree of testicular atrophy, but sterility is rare.

Oophoritis (ovarian inflammation) occurs in 5% of postpubertal females. It
may mimic appendicitis. There is no relationship to
impaired fertility.

Pancreatitis is infrequent, but occasionally occurs without parotitis; the
hyperglycemia is transient and is reversible. While some
single instances of diabetes mellitus have been reported, a causal
relationship has yet to be conclusively demonstrated; many cases of
temporal association have been described both in siblings and individuals,
and outbreaks of diabetes have been reported a few months
or years after outbreaks of mumps.

Deafness caused by mumps virus occurs in approximately 1 per 20,000
reported cases. Hearing loss is unilateral in approximately
80% of cases and may be associated with vestibular reactions. Onset is
usually sudden and results in permanent hearing impairment.
Electrocardiogram (EKG) changes compatible with myocarditis are seen in
3%-15% of patients with mumps, but symptomatic
involvement is rare. Complete recovery is the rule, but deaths have been
reported.

Other less common complications of mumps include arthralgia, arthritis, and
nephritis. An average of 1 death from mumps per year
was reported in 1980-1999.

*********
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fc ... ction.3150

The main pathogenic changes induced by mumps virus infection in the
salivary glands and the pancreas are inflammatory reactions. When the
testes are involved, swelling, interstitial hemorrhage, and focal infarcts
(leading to atrophy of the germinal epithelium) may occur. Infection of the
pancreas disturbs endocrine and exocrine functions, leading to diabetic
manifestations and increased serum amylase levels. Mumps virus infection of
the pancreas has been reported to be a triggering mechanism for onset of
juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM); however, a causal
relationship has not been established.

The pathologic reaction to mumps virus infection of brain tissues is
generally an aseptic meningitis. Less often, the infection involves the
brain neurons (as in early-onset mumps encephalitis). Histopathologic
findings are widespread and include neuronolysis and ependymitis, which may
lead to deafness and obstructive hydrocephalus in children. One human case
of chronic central nervous system mumps virus infection has been described.
The late-onset (postinfectious) type of mumps encephalitis is attributed to
autoimmune reactions. Histopathologic findings are characterized by
perivascular accumulation of mononuclear leukocytes, demyelinization, and
overgrowth of glial cells, with relative sparing of the neurons. These
findings resemble those seen in postinfectious measles, rubella, and
varicella encephalitis.

The most characteristic clinical feature of mumps virus infection is the
edematous, painful enlargement of one or both of the parotid glands.
Commonly, the submandibular salivary glands are involved and, less
frequently, the sublingual glands. Pancreatitis is uncommon as a severe
illness. Epididymo-orchitis develops in 23 percent of infected postpubertal
males and may lead to atrophy of the affected testicles, although rarely to
total sterility. Oophoritis develops in 5 percent of infected postpubertal
women. Mumps meningitis occurs in up to 10 percent of patients with or
without parotitis. Encephalitis has been reported to occur in 1 in 400
cases of mumps. Transient high frequency deafness is the most common
complication (4 percent), and permanent unilateral deafness occurs
infrequently (0.005 percent). Primary mumps virus infection in early
pregnancy may lead to abortion, but there is no convincing evidence of an
increased risk of congenital defects in humans.
**********
http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/diseases/facts/mumps.htm

From UK website.....

What complications may arise?

Although the swollen parotid glands and high temperature caused by mumps
may be unpleasant, the most serious repercussions involve possible
infection of other organs.

In 20 to 30 per cent of the cases of adult men with mumps, the disease
infects the testicles (orchitis) causing swelling, pain, soreness and a
higher temperature. This often occurs about a week after the disease has
broken out, and is a serious infection that may cause sterility.

However, among the few sexually mature men who contract mumps, only half
get orchitis. Of these patients, only 10 per cent are affected in both
testicles, and even then it does not necessarily cause sterility. If
sterility occurs, there is still a chance that fertility may return.

Boys who have not reached puberty and are not sexually mature rarely get
this kind of inflammation of the testicles.

The risk of women contracting oophoritis - inflammation of the ovaries - is
even smaller than inflammation of the testicles in men. However, should
this happen, it has no effect on fertility.

Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) is a recognised but uncommon
complication.

A less rare complication of mumps is meningitis, which may appear 3 to 10
days after the onset of mumps. This is an inflammation of the membranes of
the brain or spinal cord.

Meningitis is a serious disease, but in connection with mumps it is usually
mild. However, it still requires close attention and special care of the
patient. The symptoms of mumps-meningitis are:

headache
aversion to bright light
possible vomiting
typically a stiff neck, leaving patients unable to touch their chest with
their chin and causing the head to bend slightly backwards.

***********

So with mumps you don't see much of a change in description of
complications. Many cases asymptomatic; very rare deafness; rare
meningoencephalitis but most cases recover easily; other complications rare
and usually recover without problem. The question of diabetes after mumps
vaccine is an interesting one. We also see the possibility of diabetes
after viral vaccines.

And homeopathic treatment very successful.

But generally do you see a huge problem after you have waded through all of
this?
Sheri

copyright 2005 Sheri Nakken

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